The criticality of innovation activity in relation to the sphere of high-tech national production in the current situation is argued. The existence of a systemic innovation crisis in modern Russia is stated with motivation. A number of causes of its occurrence, existence and aggravation - both internal and external are singled out. The sphere of formation and implementation of innovative operations in relation to the current conditions of the Russian economy with a predominant focus on high-tech industrial production is conceptually structured. Produced the delimitation of spheres direct the implementation of innovative operations of producers of novations (novators) and their customers (innovators), as well as the service sphere, highlighting donors returnable borrowing - primarily of banks, insurance companies, consulting agencies and maintain the appearance of the infosphere. The structural and functional analogies with the typical sphere of marketing operations are given. The typology of innovative operations on the basis of country-based deployment of novators and innovators is introduced. Shows the dominance of the objective of innovation through the channel of import and domestic innovation channel. The basic typology of regulatory operations of public administration in relation to innovation and investment is introduced. The sphere of organization of tenders for the execution of orders for the production of innovative products, integrated with the sphere of legislative and other regulatory regulation, is emphasized. The analysis of the existing basic regulations of normative legal regulation in this sphere and the derivatives generated problems taking into account the realities of the materialization of behavioral models of the typed operators of the innovation sphere is presented. A number of fundamental conceptual innovations in the field of this regulation, including those focused on the use of the activity potential of the subjects of innovation activity, are proposed.

The article is devoted to topical issues of management of modern educational institutions. The system of education, the state of the information society, the professional pedagogical community around the world is in search of new methods and forms of education, the concept of modern education that meet the challenges of the information society. Informatization of education is a multifaceted process associated with socioeconomic transformations in the state. The quality of education, the effectiveness of managing information flows in the educational process are important characteristics that determine the competitiveness of the state. The construction of the modern economy of the state now requires solving the problem of increasing the competitiveness of domestic industry, infrastructure industries, social sphere. This requires a significant transformation of the existing approach to training, especially engineering personnel, for various sectors of the economy.The process of informatization is a reflection of the development of information technology. With the development of modern information technologies, automated systems for managing the learning process and measuring the educational level of students are becoming increasingly popular: automatic assessment of knowledge, monitoring of parameters characterizing the final result of the learning material.Information technology is currently acting as a technical means of addressing key issues in the development of new socio-economic relations in the society. Despite the constant development of forms and methods of informatization of education, this process is associated with a number of problems that require the active participation of the state and all participants in the educational process. As before, the processes of informatization require further scientific study in various fields, a thorough study of the social and cultural aspects, the specifics of their introduction and application in different spheres of people’s activities, including in the educational system, as well as an analysis of their positive and negative consequences.

The «hypercompetition matrix» of management of the construction sphere modern organizations in the material and virtual business environment with the use of information and communication technologies was analyzed. The article’s purpose was the formation of the scientific basis for the management system improvement referred to modern organizations in terms of hypercompetitive material-virtual business environment. The main task was to formulate the function and development principles of the considered construction sphere business associations’ management system in the modern environment. The step-by-step procedure allowed to methodologically structured implement one of the hyper-competitive factors influence analysis on the construction sphere modern business associations’ management system. The process of markets deregulation, taking into account its exceptional features, impacts on the success factors was considered. This feature was selected from a number of others as the most relevant in the case of information and communication management in a hyper-competitive environment considering the development of a virtual environment based on information and communication technologies application. Seven principles of construction sphere modern business associations’ management systems improvement were defined.

The construction of a monitoring system for investment activities of natural monopolies is considered. It is noted that the companies of this type play a key role in regional development and consequently their investment strategy should be linked with the strategies of the country’s spatial and economic development. It is shown that in spite of the developed theoretical base in the field of project management, in practice, there are often failures in the timing of project implementation, a violation of financial discipline, inefficient resource management, etc. A significant number of investment projects is failed - either they do not reach the established performance targets or are not finished. The approach to the formation of investment plans of subjects of natural monopolies covering four aspects is presented: the time (project’s calendar plan), the cost (project’s budget), the risk (risk-analysis of the project), and key performance indicators (expected interim and final indicators of the project). The features of the formation and calculation of a system of indicators in these areas are considered. An example of calculating the need for project financing taking into account the necessary reserves is given. The concept of building a monitoring system for the implementation of long-term investment projects of natural monopolies is proposed, aimed at identifying deviations from the original plan at the earliest stages of their occurrence. The monitoring methodology is based on control the compliance of the actual schedule of work performed with the approved calendar plan, actually incurred and planned costs, actual and planned risks, and actually achieved and expected performance indicators of the project. The proposed approach allows to sequentially and orderly control the process of project execution control, and to ensure timely and reliable accounting of investment indicators in federal and regional economic policies and strategies.

For most spheres of society, a significant factor is the interaction of the state and business, which provide support for private business, as well as private partners (investors). The development and improvement of the efficiency of public-private partnership directly affects the economic situation in Russia. The aim of the study is to identify and theoretically substantiate the problems and directions of development of public-private partnership and business, to reveal the problems hindering the development of public-private partnership in Russian Federation. The object of the study is the system of relations between the state and the private investor in Russia. Subject of research: forms of interaction and tools of public-private partnership at the federal and regional levels.The methodological and theoretical basis of the research is the general scientific and private-scientific methods of studying the social network as an element of the institutional structure of the service state. Dialectical method allows to penetrate into the essence of public administration. Among the methods used are comparative, formal-legal, normative, logical, systemic, structural and functional.The adopted amendments and changes in the regulatory framework did not solve all the problems and did not give private investors’ confidence in the implementation of public-private partnership projects, since its regulatory support does not allow to eliminate the historically formed problems.The key problems and limitations of the development of public-private partnership are revealed in the arcticle: the lack of a national strategy for the development of public-private partnership; insufficient level of development of regulatory and legal regulation; the question remains the solution of corruption component; the lack of an integrated system of public administration of public-private partnership; the lack of unification and consistency of Federal, regional and municipal legislation; the problems of privatization and redistribution of property.

The problem of forming of consumer loyalty to companies that implement market activity in the regions of the Russian Federation on the scale of small and medium business is investigated. Due to the fact that such business structures do not have the opportunity to compete with large international corporations, they should identify their vector of development with a focus on the consumer, understanding that the formation of loyalty is a very important element of ensuring a stable market position. It is noted that the managers need to work towards improving the quality of not only products, but also implemented management measures in a number of areas. The customer satisfaction is an indicator of achieving a match between the subjectively expected value of the product to the potential consumer and the actual value obtained as a result of the experience of its acquisition and consumption. Thus, only in the case of positive consumer experience can the formation of loyal attitude. A list of basic practice-oriented principles that allow to attract customers, to form a loyal attitude to the company and products has been presented. It is determined that the formation of loyalty is not a one-time marketing campaign, but a complex work of a cohesive team of employees under the guidance of an effective manager. Their effective work, implemented on a permanent basis, will ensure the strengthening of the market position of the brand of the regional business structure. The presented principles will help managers working on the scale of small and medium-sized businesses to form and implement their own strategies to ensure the competitiveness of the company and the demand for products in modern turbulent times, which in turn will contribute to a positive impact on the development of the regional economy of our country.

The purpose of this study is to show the capabilities of neural networks in the selection of personnel based on a specific set of characteristics and competencies necessary for solving design problems. Monitoring and filling professional gaps in organizations can be implemented using data analysis technologies, analytical methods. Within the framework of this work, the task is limited to finding personnel for technological entrepreneurship projects (startups). But this task can be expanded for the selection of personnel of any organization, including a set of indicators specific competencies, additional characteristics of staff, professional requirements, etc.The peculiarities of the problem to implement the business intelligence tools. A set of indicators for the selection of talents is defined. A set of criteria for evaluating candidates for project roles of the it project, including experience of project work, mentoring, availability of specialized certificate, knowledge of project methodology; ability to use analytical tools; knowledge of programming languages; sociability and conflict-free; ability to convince. The matrix of competences and powers on project roles is made. Among the competencies identified: basic, interpersonal, soft skills (soft skills) and additional skills through which the employee can replace colleagues in emergency cases.The functional scheme of the decision is constructed, and the neural network is realized, which displays connection of various attributes with the made decisions on them depending on values of the calculated criteria. As you import data on a few employees and gather information from hh.ru three candidates for the position, the calculation of compliance metrics to the selected positions.

The results of a study of foreign practices in the development of management personnel of educational organizations in Australia, Denmark, Finland, France and the United States of America for the presence of markers of a personalized approach are presented. The features of the implementation of a personalized approach to the development of management personnel of foreign educational organizations are revealed and described: the recognition and strict observance of the rights and freedoms, abilities and capabilities of management personnel as a subject of development; the focus of the development system on internal motivation, transformation of common values (education system, the state and society as a whole) in the personal values of management personnel; the continuity of the personnel development system with a focus on the emerging socio-professional experience of the subject of development. The recommendations for the design of the domestic personalized system of development of management personnel of educational organization are developed. The risks identified by the analysis of foreign personalized systems of development of management personnel of educational organizations, which are recommended to take into account in the design and implementation of the relevant domestic system, - are presented: the lack of a systematic approach to the professional development of the head; low integration of the goals and strategies of professional development of the head with the goals and strategy of the educational organization / education system; insufficient orientation of training programs on personalized opportunities, including the accumulated professional and social experience of the subject of development; the lack of a specially trained body of Tutors (mentors, mentors, coaches) in the field of personalized support of the management personnel of the educational organization; a limited number of objective, scientifically based criteria and indicators for assessing the effectiveness of a personified system of personnel development and, as a consequence, the inability to conduct objective monitoring and reflection of the results of the development of management personnel.

Recently, the issue of the development of automation systems in transport is again becoming topical. Note that the first developments in the field of automated control systems (ACS) date back to the mid-20th century, when cybernetics was developing in the USSR. Over time, automation elements have developed in aviation, road and rail transport. However, the level of development of scientific and technological progress allowed only after many years to return to this issue at a qualitatively new level. The next stage in the development of technologies involves the development of elements of artificial intelligence (digitalization) in many branches of the real sector of the economy. The evolution of information technologies allowed companies to put into practice the concept of a marketing (customer-oriented approach). At present, taking into account the opinion of consumers, providing a service of a qualitatively different level, the first factor of ensuring the competitiveness of the company, advantageously emphasizing its position in the market. The purpose of the study is to study the conditions for the formation of the system «digital» transport and logistics. The tasks that determined the course of scientific developments were: to determine the basic principles that are characteristic of the «digital economy» in freight forwarding and logistic services, to identify the main tasks and conditions for the formation of a system of «digital» transport and logistics. “ As the research results, the following provisions should be singled out: the authors specify the basic conditions for the digitization of transport and logistics, identify the necessary conditions, and determine the sufficient conditions for the functioning of this system, taking into account the territorial features of Russia. The authors revealed the main advantages of digital transport development for the participants of the transportation process. The article highlights the role of modern technologies in the process of implementing the principles of a client-oriented approach to transport, which contributes to the improvement of the quality of work of companies in the sphere of freight forwarding and logistics services.

The main trends in the development of the global financial market in conditions of active development of open digital banking, which determines new opportunities and challenges for the creation of innovative banking and financial products are revealed. The key stages of “financial repression”, which predetermined new challenges and problems for the traditional model of the financial market, are considered. The main difficulties and problems connected with the transition from the traditional banking model to the Open Banking Standard model are substantiated. The analysis proves that further development of the financial market dictates the need to increase efficiency and reduce costs in the development of next-generation digital services. In this regard, the widespread introduction of Open Banking Standard will create new products for the financial market. The implementation of Open Banking Standard in real time will allow to open access for the consumer to more personalized information resources, and services will be provided through a secure open service in order to more effectively manage personal finances. Today, many small and medium-sized companies use third-party commercial development for accounting purposes, but they have to enter transaction data manually. The practical use of Open Banking Standard will allow the consumer not only to receive data in real time, but will also partially solve the problem of gaining access to more personalized information resources for making banking decisions. Also, clients will be able to offer better loan terms, as credit institutions will be able to analyze its transaction data to determine the level of the borrower’s risk.

The article is devoted to the consideration of internal political processes in the Soviet Union at the final stage of its existence, in particular, the political struggle between the President of the USSR M.S. Gorbachev and Republican leaders in the course of the preparation of the draft Union Treaty in the autumn of 1991 («Novo-Ogarevo-2»). The task of the research is to reconstruct the process of preparation of the draft Union Treaty in September-November 1991, its discussions during the meetings of the State Council of the USSR, and to assess the role of this Treaty in the dismantling of the USSR`s political system. The main source of this research was the verbatim records of the State Council`s meetings, numerous comments and additions to the autumn draft of the Union Treaty, which are stored in the archive Gorbachev Foundation. On the basis of these archival documents, as well as press materials, documentary collections, memories of eyewitnesses of those events, the author compares the positions of the Union and the Republican leaders on the structure of the future Union of the USSR: membership in the updated Union, the tax system, state bodies, the legal system. The key problem, to which all discussions of the Union Treaty were reduced, concerned distribution of power between the Union and Republican elites. The analysis of the sources allows us to conclude that during the autumn negotiations a compromise between the Union and the Republican leaders was impossible - the project “Novo-Ogarevo-2” was doomed to failure initially. If M.S. Gorbachev made attempts to legally secure the preservation of the Union in the form of a confederation, the Republican leaders, first of all, the President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, based on the adopted Declaration of sovereignty, sought independence and separation from the USSR. The Union Treaty, originally designed to create the necessary balance in the relations between the Center and the republics, in practice was an instrument for the implementation of the ambitions of the Republican elites and became one of the factors of the USSR`s collapse.

The problem of adaptation of the post-Soviet administrative elite to the social relations formed as a result of reforms in the USSR - Russia at the end of XX century - in the beginning of XXI century. The peculiarity of the study is the consideration of the problem in the General context of social changes of this period. The author shows that the usual theoretical and methodological schemes based on the opposition of the late Soviet and modern Russian political elite do not contribute to the approach to the truth. Thus, reliance only on official documents, statistics and other sources reflecting the external side of the processes under study appears to be insufficient. Therefore, the attention is drawn to the need for more active involvement of sources of personal origin, allowing to trace the evolution of consciousness of the ruling elite, the change of its stereotypes, values and norms. The such issues of adaptation of the modern Russian elite to new conditions as changing its attitude to ideology, to the goals of education, to the procedures of admission to the civil service, its passage and withdrawal from it, are highlighted. It is noted that in General, the post-Soviet administrative elite successfully and very quickly adapted to radical social changes. The number of factors that have ensured this adaptability is analyzed. It is noted that a special role in the processes of adaptation of the elite was played by factors of socio-cultural order: the ability to play by changing rules, moral and ideological relativism, following the established traditions, formed norms and values. However, it is necessary to take into account that the adaptation process is not completed, neither in elite nor in society in General. Thus, the process of adaptation of the Russian political elite is considered against the General background of post-Soviet transformation, which allows a deeper understanding of the mechanisms and results of the development of Russian society as a whole.

Article is devoted to a problem of development of the constitutional ideas in pre-revolutionary imperial Russia having, according to the author, importance for judgment of features of political development of Russia and the Russian constitutionalism, in particular. The thought that the first projects of the constitutional restriction of the monarchy in Russia have appeared long before development of the known plan of the state transformation of M. M. Speransky and the constitutional projects of Decembrists is proved in article. The author investigates value of the first in political history of Russia of the projects of restriction the monarchy representative institutions which have arisen during «palace revolutions» («events of year 1730», the constitution project of Panin-Fonvizin, the project «The appointed diploma to the Russian people» by the count A. R. Vorontsov, and others). In article the attention is paid that the majority of these projects were created by unofficially narrow group of supporters in the mode of strict privacy is paid and were result of fight in ruling elite for political influence. At the end of 18th - the beginning of the 19th century supporters of the constitutional board were the representatives of the most progressive noble aristocracy suggesting to carry out transition to constitutional monarchy by means of the constitutional reforms, there are more and more popular ideas of cancellation of the serfdom, development of local government and others. The special place in article is allocated to the characteristic of the constitutional project of year 1820 of «The state authorized diploma of the Russian Empire» («The authorized diploma of Novosiltsev») prepared by N. N. Novosiltsev at the request of tsar Alexander I, representing, according to the author of article, the considerable phenomenon in development of the Russian constitutionalism confirming enough high standard of knowledge and the cultures of that time in the field of state law and the state construction.