The peculiarities of construction of local self-government models in the modern Slavic States, which in the 90-s of XX century abandoned the socialist path of development, – have been examined. The aim of the study is to identify specific features and common approaches to the construction of local self-government system, based on the analysis of the practice of local self-government institutions of the Slavic States and the provisions of the Constitutions of the Republic of Serbia, the Republic of Poland, the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic, Ukraine, the Republic of Croatia, the Russian Federation, etc.

The organizational forms of local self-government and the particularities of the implementation of local issues, taking into account national traditions, – have been analyzed. In this connection, the majority of modern Slavic States recognizes and guarantees local self-government as the most important constitutional value and institution of the people’s right. It has been determined, that the list of issues of local importance mainly affects the areas of urban planning, municipal activities, culture, sports, social protection of the population and children, preschool education, healthcare, approval of municipal programs of economic development, local budgets, taxes and fees, the appointment of local referendums, etc. However, there there is a number of countries, in which local government issues are not specified in the Constitution. Among the criteria for the difference between the models of local self-government are the following: the list of issues of local importance and competence of local self-government bodies; relations with public authorities and the degree of freedom of local self-government from the state; territorial organization of local self-government, etc.

It has been concluded, that the most common form of interaction between public authorities and local self-government for the Slavic states at the beginning of the XXI century, was the Zemstvo-state model, that takes into account the mutual interests of a sovereign power and the population, living within certain territorial communities.

The development issues of the scientific potential of higher education as an important component of the national scientific and technological system of any country has been considered. The main purpose of the study is to develop, substantiate and test methods for assessing the scientific potential of universities. The main method of research is a system-dynamic approach to the study of scientific potential.

The concept of “scientific potential of higher education” has been clarified. It seems reasonable, that the modern mission of higher education, both in Russia and in the world, is to create and further develop a unified high-level educational system, capable not only of training personnel for certain sectors of the real sector of the economy, but also to produce new knowledge, i.e. to ensure high-quality scientific and technological progress in these sectors.

An original method of assessing the scientific potential of higher education has been developed, and its approbation is the main empirical result of the study. The essence of this method lies in the consistent estimation of factors of formation of the scientific potential (initial assessment) and the forms of its realization (secondary assessment), and also in the comparison of the indices of the secondary and primary evaluations (summative evaluation). The obtained results allow us to develop a strategy for the development of scientific potential, depending on the level of effectiveness of its implementation.

The applied value of the research results is determined by the prospects of their application in the process of development of state policy for the development of research activities in higher education. In addition, the proposed methodology can be used by University leaders, who have set themselves the goal of building scientific capacity and integration into the national scientific and technological system and international scientific cooperation.

The dynamic capabilities, representing the organization’s competence to integrate, create and reconfigure internal and external competencies to ensure compliance with constantly changing environmental conditions, allow the organization to achieve a competitive advantage in the long term. The assumption of the background about the importance of dynamic capabilities for understanding the phenomenon of competition raises the question of the variables, affecting the effectiveness of the processes of formation of dynamic capabilities.

The aim of this paper is discussion of the results of studies on the impact of resources on the effectiveness of the processes of formation of dynamic capabilities of Polish enterprises. The nature and essence of dynamic abilities of enterprises have been characterized in the article, the value of resources in the processes of formation of dynamic abilities of Polish enterprises has been noted, which subsequently allowed to formulate conclusions about the relationship between resources and efficiency of processes of formation of dynamic abilities of Polish enterprises have been formulated. The results of the research resources in the processes of formation of dynamic capabilities of Polish enterprises, presented in the paper, are fragment of the research project, whose goal is to develop a paradigm concept of dynamic capabilities from the perspective of strategic management, identification and analysis of dynamic capabilities of Polish enterprises.

According to respondents in the process of questioning, sources of efficiency should be sought in external variables (customer loyalty, market share, sales growth), but not in internal variables (employment growth). Such a state, indicating the orientation of the organization outward, should be considered correct from the point of view of the logic of the dominant ways of constructing a strategy, since it indicates an understanding of the needs of the environment, while dynamically comparing with the expectations of this environment and the resources available to the organization.

The general issues of competitiveness of transnational corporations have been considered. Research of the problem of competitiveness of Russian transnational corporations on the world market and the formation of their competitive advantages for sustainable development in a globalized economy has been сonducted. The author’s interpretation of the concept of “enterprise competitiveness” has been proposed.

In a global liberalized economy, transnational corporations have the opportunity to influence geopolitical issues in international trade and employment, as well as dictate their own rules. The constant increase in the level of competitiveness of a small group of transnational corporations has been noted in the article, the format of competition in industry and regional markets is often oligopolistic. Building a true global strategy for the development of transnational corporations and obtaining a competitive advantage by them is impossible without sufficient knowledge of current trends in globalization: globalization of the market, globalization of costs, globalization of competition, globalization of government policies. The methods of obtaining competitive advantages of transnational corporations have been adduced and сharacterized.

For Russian transnational corporations, the issue of their competitiveness is very acute in the markets of rapidly turning goods or in the markets of new technologies. Factors, hindering the growth of the competitiveness of Russian corporations: incorrect corporate policies, leading to inefficiency of personnel motivation, corporate culture, inconsistency with international standards, incorrect alignment of the global strategy, lack of reciprocity principles and correct negotiation. This creates a negative image of the company, which affects its position, and subsequently its competitiveness. Competitiveness is one of the most important factors for ensuring the sustainable development of the economy of Russian corporations. The criteria for assessing sustainability, the corporations should meet have been suggested.

Сurrently, oil market remains one of the most demanded types of energy resources, the trade of which can be called the most important element of modern world economic relations.

The global market for oil and oil products is characterized by high volatility, which requires the development of various strategies for insuring financial losses. Futures contracts are one of the main market financial risk management tools. Companies face the challenge of choosing the optimal hedging strategy. Will this strategy be used solely to hedge prices or will it become part of a wider market strategy.

Another specific feature of the oil market is the participation of foreign companies in the exploration of oil fields in developing countries. Since the Iraqi oil market is currently in dire need of investment in technological infrastructure, the problem of attracting and operating foreign companies is also very topical for Iraq, and such relations themselves are also unstable and are influenced by many internal and external factors. The global energy sector is undergoing fundamental changes. At the same time, Iraq today has the most favorable opportunities for solving its economic problems, both shortterm and long-term. Iraq has a huge oil potential, largely unrealized, while possessing significant explored and undiscovered reserves. However, the oil and gas industry in Iraq requires the restoration and achievement of a stable export flow after the crisis period for it. Moreover, refineries need modernization, which requires significant financial costs.

For thousands of years in major cities one of the main problems was the possibility of movement. The need for movement is based on the opportunities provided by transport, and encourages society to further develop. The article considers the historical aspects of the study of the mobility of the population and the study of its mobility in terms of digital technology.

The application of various methods of mobility research is a common practice in many countries, cities, regions, which provides the collection of important information for the development of transport systems. Financial and organizational constraints affect the quantity and quality of the data collected. Existing techniques need to be constantly adapted to rapidly developing technologies and the rapidly changing nature of population mobility, which is becoming more intermodal. A qualitative model based on an appropriate data set creates a qualitative set of input data for the concept, design, and evaluation results. This in turn will allow for a more reasonable design and evaluation of transport projects.

Transport modeling varies from developing relatively simple models in the form of tables to models of transport networks, which consider transport demand as a function of the state of the transport network. For each stage of modeling, there is a need to include feedback in the modeling process. They reveal the interrelation of the various steps of the modeling process and the need to use iterative methods of calculation. The functionality of the model is determined by the presence of feedbacks, which increase the ability of the model to predict actual results. Before carrying out any actions on transport modeling, it is necessary fully understand the requirements for the function of this model. This will ensure, that the model is a result, which is important for the project and provides it with a qualitative assessment.

One of the main tasks of building an effective management structure for a group of companies of the holding type has been designated− it is the harmonization of the interests of top management and owners. The experience of improving the management systems of a number of really active groups of companies and diversified enterprises (including the sector of aviation and rocket engine building) focused on both scientific and technical, and production and commercial business, has been taken into account. Options for organizational structures of the group of companies have been considered. Attention has been drawn to the fact, that the choice of a variant of the structure of a group of companies should be the result of the agreements, reached between the decision-making center, investors and the top management of the management company.

The basic functions of the basic elements of the structural bush of a group of companies have been formulated. In the multi-project management paradigm, the methodology of structure synthesis and the development of basic procedures for the management system of a holding-type group of companies have been considered, and the basic canonical structure of the management company and the project management apparatus of the production-scientific-commercial group of companies has been proposed, which includes two the main management units: the earning wing and the serving (control and analytical) wing. The features of the functioning of such key management units of the executive office and commercial management as analytical group, plan development and control group and market measurement group, have been considered.

The importance of the vocational guidance component of the Directorate of Personnel Management, based on psychodiagnostic methods, has been noted. The basic functions of the management departments of the management company have been formulated, and the procedures for interaction between them have been enumerated in detail. The requirements for key management company personnel have been noticed. The option of material incentives for employees at the stage of promotion of the business unit has been proposed. It has been especially noted, that when making a decision on the improvement of existing management systems in enterprises, both technical and historical features of the realities in these corporations (enterprises) should be carefully considered.

The possibilities of online sales strategy analysis based on unit-economy metrics (Unit Economics is a new economic modeling method used to determine the effectiveness of a digital business model by assessing the profitability of a product unit or a single customer), as well as on the theory of restrictions, have been shown. The peculiarities of settings of problems on monitoring the process of attracting customers to the electronic resource of a company, and their support up to conclusion of commercial transaction (product sale) have been revealed. A scenarios matrix for promoting information about a product, a brand, or a service using various communication channels has been compiled.

Among various strategies of a sales funnel management the following three main strategies have been highlighted: the strategy of a proportional expansion (when increasing a traffic at the entrance of a funnel, which gives a large conversion, the funnel expands at all next stages, and the output result is increased); the strategy of stretching (increasing of a conversion at each level results in the output increasing), and the strategy of a key level (this strategy demands to determine the level of the funnel, which limits the entire system, and to apply efforts to improve conversion indicators at this special level). A methodology for constructing and analyzing the product funnel using unit-economy metrics has been adduced. The peculiarities of development of strategies for sales funnel using the critical-chain method (Critical Chain Management, CPM) and method of Theory of Constraints (TOC) have been highlighted, when the company’s results depend on the interacting elements of the system, that create the constraints. A method of searching bottlenecks in the sales funnel has been proposed, which consists in a consistent assessment of the impact on the profits of each of its five basic metrics, for each of which there are special development tools, allowing one to find points of rapid profit growth. Scenario analysis of sales funnel using unit metrics has been сarried out.

The strategies of differentiation and cost minimization are oriented on reception of competitive advances in the broad range of industries/branches, that allows companies to achieve effective exceed in the industry-average indicators. Using the both strategies can bring the synergetic effect in competition of the subjects and objects. These strategies can reinforce each other and the competitive advances of the company. Strategies of cost minimization and differentiation can coexist and compete. Cost leadership strategy focuses on getting advantages by reducing cost below analogies of all competitors. It is unsufficient the single of cost minimization in the international competing, it is necessary the complex and creative decision of the compound problems, associated with differentiation of products and services.

Product differentiation is a business strategy, whereby firms attempt to gain a competitive advantage by increasing the perceived value of their products/services relative to perceived value the other products/services firms; with recording dissatisfied inquiring the customers. Especially distinctive characteristics, properties, attributes of products or services can be one or more-the main thing that they were really important, more useful and valuable for buyers. The differentiation can create on the basis the timing of product introduction, product customization, the best joining the product and services or simultaneously combination of these advantages. Product differentiation is ultimately an expression of the creativity of individuals and groups within the firm. It is limited not only by opportunities, than exist, or than can be created, in particular industry, but by the willingness and ability of firms to creatively explore ways to take advantage of those opportunities.

The willingness of consumers to pay more suggests, that important perceptual bases of product differentiation exist. Successful implementation of these strategies can increase consumer sensations/perceptions of the greater value of products/ services and contribute to the expansion of their exports and strengthen the competitiveness of the company in the global economy. The ideal strategy-building process is to achieve a high level of commitment of employees and consumers around a high-quality strategy and the best ways to implement it.

Тhe creation and development of the digital economy in the regions of Russia is a new factor in their socio-economic development. This should be reflected in near future in the strategies of socio-economic development of regions. In the Russian Federation, at present, for developing and evaluating the implementation of the socio-economic development strategy of the region, a universal methodology has not been developed, and the standard approaches for implementing strategic planning have been adapted from the management of corporate structures.

The purpose of the article is to test the methodology of statistical evaluation of the socio-economic development of the region in the digital environment. The methodological basis of the study are: the general statistical method of dynamic standards, index and coefficient analysis, the method of pairwise comparisons. The scientific novelty of the presented results are the author’s methodological developments: the system of indicators of the socio-economic development of the region in the digital environment and the regulatory assessment model. The practical significance of the research results lies in the possibility of applying the author’s assessment methodology for monitoring regional development strategies.

The creation of integral statistical measures (models) for monitoring traditional and new factors of the region’s development will provide solutions to their quantitative assessment, allow clarify both the planning and implementation stages of the region’s shortcomings and problems, ensure the implementation of the principle of integrated socioeconomic development of the region, contribute to enhancing the consistency of the objectives of regional development strategies, it will allow diagnostics of the development of the digital economy and develop new strategic orientations at the regional level, which in turn will make it possible to develop organizational mechanisms for involving people in the region in resolving issues of territorial strategic development.

Arange of issues, related to the use of cybernetics in economic research, technological development and educational programs for training specialists of management, has been considered. A large contribution of this science to the space exploration, designing counting machines, etc., – has been noticed. At the same time, focusing on management in systems, it did not pay enough attention to many important functions and specifics of socio-economic processes. Cybernetics tried to change some traditional ideas about the possibilities and methods of goal-setting in management of economic processes in the centrally planned Soviet economy, but these attempts were ineffective. More so, cybernetics was unable to affect the spiritual and moral sphere of human life and society, the content and development of such sciences as philosophy, sociology, political economy, etc.

It has been shown, that the tendency to revise the fundamental provisions of the Humanities can lead and often leads to false conclusions, believing, that the qualitative differences between the system objects are insignificant. Agreeing, that setting limits to the possibilities of computer modeling in advance is impossible, it must be recognized, that the machines created by cybernetics, remain only an objectification – a “truncated” (incomplete) form of any kind of human activity, including management (purposing, selection of criteria, decision-making, etc.).

The goal setting requires at least a normal human intelligence. At the same time, “individual survival” is not the main universal task: in natural selection, the survival of the species is often achieved by the death of a significant part of specimens.

The article pays considerable attention to the cybernetic approach to the study of socio-economic processes. It is noted, that the thesis about cybernetically expedient functioning of any social systems (this point of view is shared by some specialists in cybernetics) contradicts common sense. Capitalism would have to be seen as a planned system, alien to the anarchy of production, and in fact as a system, which solves pre-set tasks corresponding to the interests of society. Therefore, according to the authors, the concept of self-governing system in the cybernetic sense is not applicable to a society with a market economy.

The issues of formation of the decision support system in the field of regional development management have been considered. The presented review of the existing approaches in this field testifies on the one hand to their diversity, and on the other hand, it allows us to draw a conclusion about the need to solute a number of methodological and practical issues of decision support in terms of innovative development of regions. On this basis, the goal of the research is to develop the concept of a decision support system to substantiate the parameters of the innovative strategy of regional development based on adaptive mechanisms for coordinating the interests of economic agents.

The research methodology is based on the synthesis of different approaches in the framework of integration into the structure of adaptive simulation models of problem-oriented knowledge bases, as well as intelligent technologies for processing semistructured information, using to find decisions in the process of formation and adjustment of parameters of management of innovative development of the region. The result of the study is a theoretical justification for the development of problem-oriented DSS, including a description of the interrelated stages, determining the main design features of this toolkit.

As a part of the study, a conceptual scheme of implementation of the decision support system in the field of management of regional innovative development has been proposed, the key functional blocks of the proposed tools have been described, the place of existing tools in the structure of the regional development management system has been determined, the possibilities of its use in the formation of forecast-planned assessments of regional development, as well as the evaluation of the effectiveness of alternative management actions, have been shown.

In our opinion, the proposed tools will expand the possibilities of applying the management theory and decision support methods, intelligent information technology, economic and mathematical methods, modern computer simulation technologies for strategic planning of socio-economic systems of macro- and meso-level. In practice, the tools can be interesting for public authorities to solve problems in the formulation of innovative regional development strategies for the Russian regions, the formation of medium-term forecasts and the justification of the parameters of social, economic and budgetary policy.

The special features of the Bangladeshi emigrant work force have been considered. The explanation of the reason under the theoretical framework of social change has been presented, on which the neoclassical theory of migration, and, also the push and pull factors theory, cannot clarify the specific distribution of migrants, which is observed. The neoclassical theory of migration has been analyzed, which supposes, that economic factors should determine the choice of a destination country by a emigrant, and it shows how the theory would predict, that the distribution of emigrants should be correlated to the relative average income of the hosting countries. Therefore, the theory is not respected in the case of the Bangladeshi emigration. The network model of migration, even though it partially fixes this problem, can still not explain the emergence of enclaves of Bangladeshi citizens in hosting countries.

The theory of social changes, with some modifications originating from the network approach and the “governmentality” approach, might however explain the distribution of Bangladeshi emigrants abroad, and it has been assumed, that this theoretical development sheds light on the studied problem and its causes. According to this theory, the Bangladeshi emigration is one part of a global process, which creates a global civilization from a number of previously independent societies. A consequence of this theory is that the flows of migrants should more or less follow the waves of development of a globalised society, and, therefore, that it should be possible to measure modifications in the trend of globalisation by measuring the variation in the flows of migrants, or in their distribution across regions.

The article analyzes different approaches to the policy of integration of migrants in Spain. The purpose of the article is: to show the experience of integration policy and intercultural dialogue in Spain and to determine the most effective methods for application in the Russian migration policy.

The phenomenon of socio-cultural integration of immigrants and intercultural interaction through theoretical and methodological developments of domestic and foreign experts has been considered. Distinctions between the concepts of “adaptation of migrants” and “integration of migrants” have been made. Integration involves the next stage of inclusion after adaptation in the host community. A list of criteria for assessing the processes of integration of immigrants into the host society has been formed, three main groups of criteria have been defined: socio-economic, political, legal and socio-cultural. During the analysis, the author comes to conclusion, that the key direction of the policy of integration of migrants into the host community in Spain is economic integration, which implies the inclusion of migrants in labor relations and is supported by state structures as much as possible.

The main directions and effectiveness of the integration policy of Spain have been analyzed. It has been concluded, that the effectiveness depends on the existence of a holistic system of interaction between the Central government, regional and municipal authorities and non-governmental organizations, which greatly simplifies the process of integration of migrants into Spanish society. The article widely uses the results of practical studies of the integration experience of Spain, official reports of the EU supranational bodies on the migration situation in this country, reports on the implementation of specific integration initiatives, as well as the analysis of expert assessments on this issue. The article analyzes the most effective methods of integration of the government of Spain and Spanish public organizations, based on which practical recommendations for Russia are proposed, taking into account the specifics of migration processes.

I t is a recognized fact that migration is one of the most important and significant conditions for the successful functioning of the labor market. This article discusses issues related not only to simple migration, but also directly with the international migration of labor. In particular, its impact on the labor supply of national economies has been analyzed, including the impact of labor migration on the formation of the domestic labor market and the total labor potential of society and the state. Directions of interrelation of migration of the population in a key of influence on national economies of the States have been allocated and analyzed.

This paper, among other things, provides a classification of modern international migration, identifies five main types of such migration. Studies have been carried out on the dependence and further impact of the type of migration on the domestic economies of States and the international economic situation as a whole. As a result, we consider the positive and negative consequences of labor migration and immigration of the population, as well as their further impact on the reorganization of national economies.

The study analyzes the aspects of legislative and legal regulation of migration, including the possibility and basis of such processes in the territory of the Russian Federation. The conclusions drawn up in this article allow us to speak about the impossibility of an unambiguous interpretation of the impact of labor migration on the social and economic indicators of States, since at the same time there are both negative and positive criteria that equally have a direct impact on the categories in the development of international labor migration.