The article presents experience of different countries in promoting separate collection of waste. The purpose of the article is to summarize the scientific conclusions of Russian and foreign scientists in the field of household waste management. The author provides an overview of current scientific publications from Russian and foreign sources on the methods used in different countries to stimulate separate collection of household waste, successful results and problems of implementation, directions of waste management policy. The study evaluates the methods of stimulating separate collection in different countries. The policy of household waste management in Western Europe, the USA and Japan receives a high scientific assessment, the principles of stimulating sepa rate collection are enshrined in legislation. New in the practice of separate waste collection is the search for cost-effective and most environmentally friendly technologies. In the countries of Eastern Europe, changes in traditions and organization of housing and communal services are required to meet the high standards of developed countries. Some countries are implementing separate waste policy elements. China is seeking a comprehensive incentive for separate collection. The scientific assessment of international experience can be used in the formation of a comprehensive waste management policy in Russia.

The article сonsiders topical issues of managing the economic stability of organizations in a crisis. The authors substantiate the need to study regional trends as an integral part of the anticrisis program at the regional level. Early diagnosis of crisis phenomena in the economy proves that a sufficiently high level of socio-economic development does not yet ensure complete economic security and the ability to withstand the threats posed by the unbalanced structure of the economy. Based on this, the problems in the field of ensuring the stability of organizations in the conditions of crises have been analysed and generalized. The problems faced by enterprises and organizations of the investment and construction sector of the economy have been considered. In methodological terms, the authors propose to use a system of indicative analysis and regulation of production and economic activities of enterprises of the real sector of the economy, as an organizational tool for resolving crisis situations in the economy. The study justifies the necessity of the introduction of digital technologies, on the basis of which it is possible to quickly implement the tasks set and achieve the expected results. The authors emphasize that we need our own anticrisis programs that to help maintain the sustainable functioning of organizations in the conditions of crisis phenomena.

The development of innovative technologies in production against the background of the globalization of commodity markets and increased competition has led to a reduction in the life cycle of most products of industrial companies, while increasing the requirements for the validity of management decisions regarding the release of new types of products and product range planning. The purpose of this research is to study the problem of information support for the strategic management of large manufacturing companies in the context of the need to make effective management decisions on the planning of the product range, the implementation of capital investment, the launch of new products based on the implementation and use of the full life cycle calculation system. The paper analyses the prerequisites for the emergence of a system of calculating the full life cycle of a product, considers the key features and advantages of using this system. The study formulates the requirements for the organization of cost accounting in the context of the application of the calculation of the full life cycle, gives recommendations for planning and controlling costs in the context of the stages of the “life” of the product. The author made a conclusion about the expediency of implementing the system under consideration for Russian manufacturing companies, revealed the sequence of applying the calculation method in the conditions of its use. The article shows the possibilities of using Japanese cost management systems and cost calculation in relation to individual stages of the life cycle. The paper gives the characteristic features of companies for which the use of this system is most appropriate.

Oil is one of the most important sources of income for oil-exporting countries such as the Russian Federation and Iran, as well as the main raw material in the production process in oil-importing countries. Risks fluctuations in world oil prices can cause sovereign financial risks of instability in macroeconomic variables in both groups of oil exporting and importing countries. Negative shocks in world oil prices for countries such as Iran and Russia, whose economic structure is oriented towards oil and provides a significant part of the state budget through oil, could have significant consequences for the economies of these countries. Such fluctuations not only affect the economies of oil-importing countries, but are also one of the main causes of disruptions in the economies of oil-exporting countries. This study examines the government's management of risk fluctuations in world oil prices and its actions in Iran and Russia. The results of this study show that Iran and Russia, as sanctioned countries and oil exporters, have taken various measures to deal with these shocks, the most important of which is the creation of sovereign wealth funds in the two countries. In this article, the characteristics of national development funds in Iran and Russia are compared. The differences between Iran and Russia in risk management and the structure of these funds are shown.

The article investigates the problem of the management crisis caused by the low efficiency of management personnel in the conditions of economic crisis. The system of management methods is dominated by administrative methods to the detriment of economic and socio-psychological ones. The purpose of the study is to find ways to solve the crisis and improve the efficiency of management personnel. The objectives of the research are to develop approaches to the professional development of personnel and the transformation of the system of labor relations based on the principles of trust management. The study of agency conflict in the management system of organizations was carried out on the basis of desk research, surveys of managers and employees of the management system. The tactical and strategic solutions to improve the management system in organizations have been proposed. The authors conclude that the risk of causing the greatest damage to the management system is associated with the problem of trust. The main principle of management should be the trust of the staff to their managers and their integration into management processes at least at the level of management of the main production business processes. The study reveals the lack of growth of social skills of managers, for whom employees are not partners, but employees-opportunists. According to the authors, it is necessary to unite employees, give them a common goal and make them members of a single team.

The article develops a methodological basis for choosing the optimal model for managing the agglomeration of settlements. The existing agglomeration problems and the need to accelerate growth due to the agglomeration effect form a challenge to the agglomeration governance system. For an adequate response it is important to understand the capabilities of governance models. These capabilities can be expressed through the description of the features of the models.

For a large-scale description of the features of models, it is necessary to form groups of features, characterize each feature, compare the models according to the degree of its manifestation, and, if possible, explain the reason for the differences. The article investigates research papers within the framework of the theory of municipal reformers, the theory of public choice, in particular on the issues of centralization / decentralization of municipalities, intermunicipal cooperation, the efficiency of the economy of the public sector. The authors used general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, grouping, comparison.

The revealed features make it possible to assess the governance model in terms of what the agglomeration will receive from its implementation. All features are combined into five groups: economic, social, administrative efficiency, democratization, stability. The study revealed 29 features, presented their explanation and degree of development, depending on the type of governance model.

As a result of the study, the possibilities for justifying the feasibility of introducing models have increased. The authors represented scientific novelty by a more complete list of the features of models, a more detailed presentation of them, the approach of presenting information “from features”, a convenient grouping that allows you to use the characteristic to assess the effectiveness of the activities of government authorities. The study can be useful for civil servants in charge of agglomeration processes.

The article presents an analysis of modern methodologies that are successfully used for the development of innovative products and ecosystem platforms. The paper describes the tools of the “Jobs To Be Done” approach. The author highlights the differences between the two concepts “Jobs-As-Activities” and “Jobs-As-Progress”. The study emphasizes the importance of studying the digital client path. The publication presents by step-by-step an algorithm for constructing a strategy for bringing a new offer to the market based on the “Jobs To Be Done” method. The article presents examples of filling in the Job stories Canvas, interview framework in “Jobs To Be Done” format, Process Making Forces Canvas.

The study shows the tools that are successfully used in creating a business strategy based on an ecosystem platform. The paper substantiates the importance of customer-oriented approach and switching to an ecosystem approach to the development of a business model. The author highlights the benefits from the ecosystem of the user, business owner and partners.

The study gives an overview of ecosystem types according to the Gartner classification with examples in Russian ecosystems. The author provides tools of the Platform Design (Platform Innovation Kit) which allow you to develop an integrated environment for the development of the customer experience, to improve consumer goods and services: VRIO framework, a Matrix of Motivation, the Ecosystem Platform Relations Canvas, Training Mechanism Canvas, Value Proposition Canvas and Platform Business Models Canvas. These tools expand the design thinking portfolio.

The article analyses the transformation processes, the Genesis of which is due to the practice of using digital HR tools in the context of the implementation of the National Program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation”, and the determinations of the importance that these tools have for solving the problem of improving the competitiveness of a single company. The paper indicates the prerequisites for the introduction of digital tools in the existing methods of personnel management. The author outlines the guidelines for the development of this industry on the basis of the Federal Program “Personnel for the Digital Economy”. The study identifies factors that characterize the transformation of the HR industry due to the impact of digitalization.

The paper shows the experience of implementing SAP Success Factors tools, which indicates that this cloud system, including a set of automated solutions for working with personnel, will allow you to manage talents. The multi-functionality of the system ensures the management of human resources through the use of cloud technologies at all stages: from recruitment to the implementation of the company’s personnel policy. The article shows the advantages of the SAP Success Factors system. The expected effects of implementing SAP Success Factors are to increase the operational efficiency of HR and the efficiency of business processes, as well as to expand the experience of employees.

The author concludes that the existing methods of personnel Management are being transformed under the influence of digital technologies and, since human resources play a key role in achieving the organization’s goals, their effective use has a positive impact on its competitiveness. The article contains the results with the elements of scientific novelty: range of factors of HR’s transformation under the influence of digitalization and characterization of the relationship between the use of digital tools in the practice of human resource management and the level of its competitiveness are determined by the author.

The article considers digital labor platforms – virtual spaces where the organization of labor is carried out and social relations are formed according to certain rules. The study uses logical, economic-statistical and systematic methods of cognition. The COVID-19 pandemic has created additional impulses to increase the workforce employed using digital labor platforms. In fact, digital platforms have developed their own business model and have begun to form the dominant vector of development of the global labor market. The platforms carry both employment opportunities and challenges. Employment does not always save millions of workers from extreme poverty.

The author highlights the lack of social guarantees, including hospital, medical and other types of insurance, including pension plans as one of the key problems of employment on digital labor platforms. To a large extent, the platforms rely on the labor of employees who are classified as “self-employed” or “independent contractors”, but not “employed workers”. This is one of the fundamental shifts that has far-reaching implications for the future of work. The transformation of labor relations is of long-term nature and requires the creation of new mechanisms that ensure the interaction of the parties to labor relations and their representatives in the new economic reality.

The potential of some technological innovations for a long period of time remains either not fully explored or underestimated. The article gives a brief description of the AR and VR technologies, shows the possibilities of their use in various sectors and industries of the modern world economy. The paper provides an overview of the positive aspects and competitive advantages that AR and VR technologies can bring to companies engaged in the development and production of devices and instruments that allow using these technologies. This is a growth in sales of products and services, a reduction in operating costs, an increase in customer satisfaction, an improvement in the quality of product, services and service. The study also considers the limitations of using AR and VR technologies in educational environments. According to the authors, there are more industries and areas where AR and VR technologies can be applied.

The paper analyses the volume of investments in the field of VR / AR, gives the forecasts of possible improvements of VR and AR devices, leading to creating of wider opportunities for their utilization in industrial, financial and educational spheres. The article presents the most successful examples of the implementation of AR and VR technologies in 2012-2021 in foreign and Russian companies. For statistical confirmation of the obtained results the authors performed a correlation analysis of the forecast estimates of the development of AR and VR technologies in 2021–2023. The paper makes the forecast of sales of technologies and devices in some sectors of the economy by 2024. Based on the analysis, the study concludes that there is a significant relationship between the electronics market as a whole and the VR/AR market.