There is an urgent need to determine the composition and relationship of attributes that determine the content of management science. Scientific literature and empirical research carried out by the authors in recent years have allowed us to consider the structure and interaction of management processes and objects in social and economic environments. The article presents author’s definition of the methodology, which links the doctrine of thinking and activity management based on interacting attributes. It has been shown that the methodology accumulates and offers a set of tools for solving problems and problems in any field of knowledge, including in the field of management. Five groups of methodological tools have been characterized: guiding, creating, transforming, meaningful and evaluative, which have their purpose and content in the context of specific conditions for the study, construction and evaluation of the activities of various areas of functioning and development of economic systems of the “organization” type. The ontology of management science has been shown, which presents the main attributes of all sections of management science: theory, methodology, technology, and management practices.  Understanding the content of management methodology attributes will allow you to actively influence the quality  and efficiency of management processes and objects in social and economic environments. 
The study of generalization of experience in solving practical problems allowed us to propose an approach to the  formation of sections of management science, the content of these sections, as well as the justification of their  place in management for the activities of various types of systems in the social and economic space. The research  has theoretical and practical value for managers and teachers, including in the field of management consulting, for effective management of processes and objects in the social and economic environment of our country.

To ensure sustainable socio-economic development of the regions, it is necessary to select the main priorities when forming a strategy for the development and successful functioning of economic systems. In this regard, it  is important to search for new sources of innovative development, which can be achieved by forming various forms of cluster integration at the level of the Federation subjects, ensuring interaction between educational institutions, business structures, as well as state structures engaged in research and development activities located on the same territory. For effective functioning of the cluster, it is necessary to form a mutual interest of all interested participants. This makes it possible to effectively use organizational opportunities for the  development of territories and form a strategy for their development.
The article considers approaches to developing a strategy for the formation of a regional scientific and  educational cluster as a new form of spatial organization of the economy at the regional level, which consists in  taking into account the strategic directions of development of the region and its territories based on the principles of system and process interaction. The role of cluster integration of science and education institutions in solving strategic tasks of socio-economic development of regions has been shown. The relationship between the strategic direction of development of regional scientific and educational cluster structures and the priorities of regional strategic development has been clarified and revealed. The sequence of formation of the strategy of the regional scientific and educational cluster, including analytical, functional-content and evaluation stages, has been established. The University complex, which is the “core” of creating a scientific and educational cluster in a regional economy, can be considered as the most promising form of optimizing the activities and development of higher educational institution. In this regard, this task becomes particularly relevant in the implementation of the concept of integration of the triad of production (business), science and education. The main elements of  the management system for the strategic development of a regional scientific and educational cluster  containing components of a content and tool subsystem have been proposed.

The article considers the issues of change management taking into account the Russian and American experience. Change management has been reviewed as an integral part of the management theory. It has been proposed to consider the process of change management as primarily the management of phenomena that accompany the process of change.
The concept of “change” has been reflected as a process of transformation and as the transformation of an object into new legal forms through reorganization. The presented experience of managing American companies shows, first of all, the situation in which economic growth is carried out and all transformations are aimed at integration processes.
The analysis of modern experience of change management has been made in the context of crisis situations that require flexibility in managing all processes in the organization. The article presents a division of changes into groups, allowing you to identify areas that require timely management influence when developing an organization’s development program. 
The analysis examines the most popular change management models and the actions of companies to manage changes during the coronavirus pandemic.
In conclusion, it has been concluded that for modern companies, change management requires not only constant analysis of internal organizational processes, but also the application of specific knowledge to solve  problematic management tasks.

Slowdown in global economic growth and in productivity growth complicates socio-economic development of Russia and other countries. Raising income inequalities and their continued stagnation lead to an increase in economic, social, and political tensions in society. Automation and robotization of production processes stimulate uncertainty increase in the labour market. Labour productivity improvement at both micro- and macroeconomic levels is the factor of intensive economic growth, which is caused by the improvement of  efficiency of use of available resources. Results of the implementation of the Russian national project “Labour  productivity and employment support” show that the key part of successful innovations is related to the transformation of organizational culture of enterprise. Specifically, through reorganization of working space of employees and their working hours, reduction in the share of “unnecessary” actions and movements of workers, improvement of self-organization skills, and focus on long-term development.
The article concludes that labour productivity management includes management of organizational culture of enterprise. Labour productivity management model has been presented, consisting of three phases: diagnostics, development, and implementation. Each phase involves a sequence of actions, gradually leading to its realization. The model is cyclic and can be repeated unlimited number of times. Use of the model allows you to structure the process of labour productivity improvement, determine the optimal set of resources for its realization, monitor its realization, and make timely adjustments. Specification of system elements of the model has been presented,  including: goal, functions, principles of effective functioning of the model, informational support, human resources  and organizational structure, methods and tools. The criteria for the following results of using the model: effective, limitedly effective, and ineffective have been defined. The model for use to enterprises of any scale and specification that intend to make organizational changes in order to improve labour productivity has been  recommended. 

Ensuring environmental-oriented turnover of fecal waste in passenger transport is necessary for the preservation of ecosystems, public health and sustainable development of transport complexes. The history of Russian railway toilet complexes begins with the launch of the first railway “Petersburg – Tsarskoe Selo” in 1837. In the USSR since 1985 The Ministry of Railways of the USSR thought about the need for experimental design work on the creation of closed systems for collecting sewage for passenger rolling stock. A set of scientific works on the creation of systems and equipment that protect the environment from chemical and  biological pollution was presented in the Railway transport program for 1990-2000.
The article considers the negative impact of fecal waste on the environment and public health, as well as problems related to the maintenance of environmentally friendly toilet complexes of passenger cars. The main results of technological development of toilet complexes of transport systems have been outlined. The authors note the importance of timely comprehensive support (infrastructure, technical, organizational and economic, regulatory and methodological, personnel, and other) for the technological development of toilet complexes in the transport industry. In particular, the article reviewes some of the current problems of infrastructure, regulatory and methodological, organizational and economic support for the operation and maintenance of environmentally friendly toilet complexes. For the effective functioning of the environmentally friendly toilet complexes system of transport systems, the authors propose to use organizational and methodological tools that will allow you to systematically determine the actual level of technological development of the fecal waste disposal system of the environmentally friendly toilet complexes of passenger trains, to develop directions and measures to improve its  environmental and economic efficiency.

The use of design thinking for the formation of soft skills of specialists has been proved in the article. Presently, the concept of Π-shaped competence takes on a new meaning: a modern specialist needs professional competencies and soft skills, and especially empathy and willingness to cooperate. The purpose of this work is to show the role of the design thinking approach in the development of soft skills among specialists.
The design thinking approach is currently developing in three main areas: the methodology for research and  improvement of customer experience (service design), the basis for team building and corporate culture growth (as part of employee experience management), and neuro-design. A portfolio of tools included in a well-defined design solution structure helps guide the creative team to effectively use their cognitive abilities, which ultimately allows them to find a breakthrough innovative solution.
Based on the author’s own experience in teaching design thinking to University students and students of business programs, the rules for conducting design seminars for discussion have been proposed. The main areas of application of design thinking have been highlighted and described in the cases: creating an innovative product that is in demand by the consumer; improving the processes of organization and team building, personal growth and creativity development. Features of design seminars have been shown, descriptions of  some popular design thinking techniques have been given (empathy map, CJM, HMW, CBF, World café), and the author’s addition to the user’s path map – the PEdPL model has been presented. The impact of various design thinking techniques on the results of group work has been assessed. The curve of emotions and performance of the group during the design session in the training format has been constructed. Recommendations for managing the dynamics of group work using design thinking techniques and coaching techniques have been given.

Some indicators that determine the trends in the aquaculture development in the world, such as the number of employed and the volume of aquaculture production by continent have been considered as well as a forecast for the development of the industry in comparison with industrial fisheries and an analysis of the volume and growth rate of aquaculture production in some foreign countries have been given. The essence of regional protectionism in aquaculture has been revealed, its relationship with government programs and strategies for the aquaculture development in the country has been determined, the development and implementation of which are based on the formation of strategic competitive advantages in the global market and ensuring national food security.
An analysis of the level of food security by the countries of the world allowed the authors to identify some foreign countries from different regions of the world with various forms of government and to characterize the implementation of regional protectionism in aquaculture in these countries. As a result of evaluating the implementation of regional protectionism in some foreign countries, the authors concluded that the volume of aquaculture production is directly dependent on the effectiveness of protectionism measures in the regions (provinces, states and other domestic territorial entities). In addition, the efforts made by Central authorities to  support and develop aquaculture in the country, expressed in the development and active implementation of state  programs and strategies, delegation of authority to the regional level, as well as support for the development of informal industry institutions, are a significant factor not only in ensuring food security of the state, but also in increasing the effectiveness of regional protectionism measures in aquaculture. 

The article considers ways to minimize resistance to innovations in the management system of a high-tech enterprise. It has been shown that a decrease in the level of resistance of personnel to innovations can be achieved through the use of certain measures that contribute to the gradual preparation of the workforce of an enterprise for the implementation and implementation of the planned innovations. The concept of “personnel resistance” has been clarified. Based on empirical research, various categories of personnel resistance to  innovation have been analysed, signs of personnel resistance in the management system of a high-tech  enterprise have been highlighted. Possible reactions of personnel in cases of personnel resistance to innovative changes in the management system of a high-tech enterprise have been investigated. Special attention is paid to the reasons for the emergence of resistance in situations of innovation implementation. The use of an integrated author’s approach, based on the methods of scientific generalization, comparative analysis, systemic and situational approach, made it possible to establish the main consequences of the resistance of the personnel of hightech enterprises to socio-economic, organizational, managerial and technological innovations, taking into account their influence on the formation of the innovative potential of the organization. High-tech enterprises were offered to introduce a subsystem for managing personnel resistance to innovations in the general management system.
The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the author, on the basis of the research conducted, has developed a set of measures, the implementation of which in the context of the innovative development of a high-tech enterprise will significantly minimize the resistance of personnel in the management system of a high-tech enterprise. The practical significance of the work done is in the fact that it can serve as a basis for further scientific research in the field of personnel resistance management for an individual enterprise, taking into account the specifics of its activities in the field of innovative development. 

An analysis of the impact of new technologies on employment in the United States has been carried out. Various points of view on the prospects of job losses under the influence of automation and robotics have been shown. The paper uses methods of analysis, comparison, and expert evaluations. The study is based on data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the results of sample surveys of the American population. The article gives characteristics of the US labor force, considers its features. Examples of the use of new technologies by the largest American employers have been shown. New technologies are transforming all spheres from healthcare to transportation and manufacturing. New types of jobs are being created and the employment structure is changing. Untypical forms of employment are expanding.
The paper provides public opinion survey on the attitude of Americans to artificial intelligence and its impact on their lives and work. The occurence of distance relations between the employee and the employer leads to the formation of a flexible and virtual labour market. The world of work is becoming increasingly digital. This process is causing fundamental changes in the world of work, which entails new challenges for various aspects of social policy. People of all ages will have to adapt to the new situation in the labour market, which is associated with technological changes and structural shifts in the demand for labour force. The importance and possibility of retraining, professional development, and career guidance throughout life have been updated. The study shows the importance of monitoring the impact of new technologies on employment in order to identify areas of risk.

The article is devoted to the scientific understanding of the practical aspects of receiving, customs declaration and use of humanitarian aid in the Russian Federation in the context of a pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19. The procedure for interaction of a medical organization as a recipient of humanitarian aid with executive authorities and international donors of gratuitous aid has been considered in detail and outlined. The rapid spread of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in the world did not provide an opportunity to prepare special measures to regulate legal relations within the framework of humanitarian assistance in the Russian Federation. At the same time, the receiving organization was faced with the task of promptly transferring humanitarian aid to the final recipients in order to prevent the spread of a new coronavirus infection in the Russian Federation. The authors studied the issues of receiving, declaring and transferring humanitarian aid to the final recipients in a pandemic COVID-19, identified collisions of existing legal norms and suggested possible options for improving the system for receiving and distributing humanitarian aid. The necessity of developing and adopting a normative act that comprehensively regulates the procedure for organizing, preparing and receiving humanitarian aid, the procedure for its acceptance with verification of the availability of quantity, compliance, labeling, packaging, technical documentation, as well as its compliance with other requirements, has been proved.
The article substantiates expediency of the introduction of amendments to some norms of customs regulation, envisaging the possibility of transferring cargo placed under a special customs procedure to other persons according to the decision of the authorized executive body.
The relevance and high practical significance of the article is caused by the need for the timely distribution of large  volumes of humanitarian aid in order to effectively prevent and eliminate the consequences of emergencies.

The object of the research is the data of annual reports on the volume of sales of products of five hundred leading Russian companies, collected and presented by the national business analytical resource “Expert Online”  together with the magazine “Russian reporter” and the media holding “RosBusinessConsulting”. The author analyses the volume of sales of Russian companies, whose activities can be attributed to the field of information and telecommunications technologies. Elements of the financial statements of companies that are  engaged in the creation, promotion and analysis of media content have been also considered. The analysis showed that the total volume of sales of twenty-two companies belonging to the sectors “Information  technology”, “Telecommunications”, “Media and Internet”, amounted to 2 615 billion rubles, which is compared with the volume of sales of 11 883 billion rubles of the first twenty-two leading domestic companies (related to the resource sector) is only 22 percent. Consequently, less than a quarter of the total sales of goods and services in the Russian economy are sold by companies whose activities are related to the formation of information and communication reserves. Such an assessment can only be made indirectly on the basis of dimensionless values, such as calculating the percentage of sales volumes of IT companies and companies included in the considered ratings in the first positions. For reference, the author provides financial indicators in rubles and dollars as of December 16, 2019, according to the Central Bank of the Russian Federation.
The article continues the author’s research presented in the paper “The process of transformation of the real export-oriented economy of Russia into a digital one” (in the journal Upravlenie, 2018, no. 4) and in the report “The process of digital transformation of the Russian economy”, at the II All Russian scientific and practical  conference with international participation “Trends in the development of the Internet and digital economy” (Simferopol-Alushta, May 30 – June 1, 2019).

The paper analyses the world experience in creating digital platforms and the risks associated with them. A comprehensive study of Russian and foreign experience in creating digital platforms allowed us to formulate the main requirements for such platforms and determine their development trends. The article shows that the introduction of digital platforms in all sectors of the economy is a natural accelerating trend in the development of the modern world. It has been noted that the rapid development of digital platforms brings with it new risks and threats that need to be taken into account and analysed.
The analysis of the current state of digital platforms and the report on global risks prepared for the World Economic Forum in Davos made it possible to identify the type of risks under consideration. Based on the identification carried out a detailed risk register of digital platforms has been compiled. The following types of digital risks have been considered: information security risks, organized cybercrime risks, reputational risks, legal risks, operational risks and risks of instability of participants’ income. Based on the data obtained, a qualitative analysis of the risks associated with digital platforms has been carried out. The risk map of digital platforms has been constructed, and the risks that fall into the zones of negligible, acceptable, and catastrophic risk have been determined. The analysis allows us to conclude that the most dangerous types of digital risk are associated with problems of data security and confidentiality.
Timely identification and qualitative risk analysis of digital platforms will ensure the stability of their operation and ensure the successful implementation of the digital transformation of the Russian economy.