The study of crises is one of the most important areas of economic science. Sanctions against Russia in 2022 have led to significant functional and structural shifts in the national economy. Effective anti-crisis management in crisis conditions becomes one of the main directions of its overcoming in Russian economy. The issues of improving the mechanism of crisis management at the present historical stage are actualised. The purpose is study of anti-crisis management methods for the development of an effective anti-crisis mechanism. Objectives is to study the existing methods of anti-crisis management in the light of international experience. The authors used methods of analysis, synthesis and comparison, and abstract-logical method in the research. The analytical method of information processing, synthesis and deduction of theoretical aspects of the concept of crisis and crisis management was carried out. A study of methods of crisis management, considering international experience, systematization and analysis of existing principles of state crisis management of the economy was carried out. The content and role of modern methods of crisis management deserves special attention. In the context of the sanctions announced against Russia, it is necessary to develop more advanced approaches to crisis management. The model of the anti-crisis mechanism for building an effective management system in the country’s economy is considered.

The aim of the study is to create a new organisational and economic mechanism for the development of facilities operating on renewable energy sources in the power supply system of the People’s Republic of China. The article analyses the difference in the total installed capacity of wind and solar power plants with their electricity generation in the Chinese energy system. The author consolidated the problems of development of renewable energy facilities that directly affect the low level of efficiency of their use. The main objective of the study is to examine the organisational and economic possibilities of the Chinese policy to involve idle excess capacities of wind and solar generation without additional direct government investments in the energy sector. The relevance of the research topic is confirmed by the wide coverage at the highest political levels of all countries of the concept of low-carbon development. The article discusses the main trends in the development of wind and solar energy in China, and provides numerous tools for leveling the problems associated with connecting renewable energy facilities to the general energy supply system. The author proposes the use of indirect mechanisms of state regulation of consumer demand for “clean” electricity with the active involvement of consumers in the process of transition to rational consumption and production patterns in order to support the lowcarbon development of the People’s Republic of China.

In the article, based on a comparative analysis and analytical generalization of publications, program and regulatory documents from different countries, the authors consider the prospects for the development of the hydrogen market. Most publications are currently focused on the technical and technological aspects of hydrogen energy, solving the problem of increasing the efficiency of methods for the production, transportation, distribution and storage of hydrogen fuel. In all countries of the world, the technology for the production of highly environmentally friendly “green” hydrogen is at an early stage, which makes it highly dependent on government initiatives to develop hydrogen projects and government funding of both scientific research in this area and ongoing projects. Peaks of interest in the field of hydrogen energy are associated with changes in the fossil energy markets, which makes the development of this technology unsustainable. Many countries are ready to invest in the development of hydrogen energy, and, given the growth in demand for hydrogen, are ready to export it at an affordable price. The results of the study indicate that the trends in the development of hydrogen energy in Russia are fundamentally aligned with global trends. At the same time, the high resource and scientific and technological potential allows Russia to fully focus its strategy on its implementation, not only developing the domestic market, but also acting as an exporter of hydrogen and expanding international cooperation in this area.

The article is about the challenges and opportunities for the development of the agricultural sector in West Africa. The aim of the study is to identify ways of improving the efficiency of agricultural production in West Africa, to increase yields. The task is to find, identify, develop and implement the most effective methods and algorithms for realising the above aim, and the challenges and obstacles along the way. The article describes the current state of agriculture in this sub-region. The author considers modern problems of agriculture in this territory, gives examples of agriculture in other regions of the world for comparison with West African. Intensive agriculture of various countries is considered as an option for the development of the West African region. The external factors, affecting the development of West African agriculture, in particular climatic change, increase in the average annual temperature, are considered. Attention is paid to the question of finding a new way of development of agriculture, resistant to climatic change. Possibilities and problems, related to the application of agroecology on the example of the Republic of Senegal, are analysed.

The article examines the management structure of the fuel and energy complex of Turkey as a system of coordinating the activities of state organisations with a certain degree of autonomy that has taken shape over the past two decades. The authors emphasise that this management system is characterised by a sign of decentralisation, which is manifested by the delegation and distribution of a number of powers between subordinate structures. It is assumed that the established tradition in management gives the system flexibility in making significant decisions, which is extremely necessary in conditions of uncertainty in the global hydrocarbon market. The article also analyses the established regulatory framework in the field of regulating the activities of management bodies in the fuel and energy complex of Turkey. The authors focus on two main documents – the president R.T. Erdogan decree, which defined the general principles of the key management body – the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources, and the energy development plan for the period 2019–2023, which outlines the main tasks and objectives of the management bodies. Special attention is paid to issues of international cooperation. The authors believe that under the current conditions, more active cooperation between Russian and Turkish businesses will help strengthen the positions of Russian oil and gas companies in the energy market in the Eastern Mediterranean, the Middle East and the European Union. In the course of the research, both general theoretical methods of scientific cognition characteristic of most branches of science and special methods used in such branches of knowledge as management theory, law and economics found practical application.

The ongoing degradation of natural resources and climate change are the focus of close attention of the global and business community. Sustainable development goals have been formulated at the highest levels of global economic governance. However, the existing trends are not broken and, obviously, a critical mass of business on a global scale is being conducted contrary to the declared direction. The purpose of the study is to identify the necessary characteristics of the management system of a sustainable organisation and the driving forces of its development. To achieve this goal, the author used the method of conceptual analysis. The systematisation of the research results was carried out on the basis of the author’s concept of the architectonics of the organisation’s management system. The approaches used to the formation of sustainability and management models of sustainable organisations were analysed both in the form of cases and in an analytical form. As a result of the study, the author revealed the features of managing a sustainable business organisation. Fundamental among them is the leader’s set of values. It is a necessary factor for the existence of the organisation. This particular set of values the author calles “sustainability”, and it determines the proper functioning of other system elements: organisational culture, performance indicators and internal organisational standards. The most significant sign of the “sustainability” set of values influence on the management system are investment decisions. In particular, the most striking indicator of the sustainability of the management system is the priority of long-term goals over short-term ones in the choice of production technologies in the company’s development process. The study confirmed the need for an integrated approach to assessing the sustainability of business organisations. The results of the study were used to create a conceptual architectonics of a sustainable organisation management system.

The study examines the management culture transformation in supply chains digitalisation. The hypothesis of the study was that the digitisation of culture in companies will become an important tool for optimising the internal and external environment in supply chain management, considering the needs of business, shareholders and society. The aim of the study is to identify the determinants of supply chain management that have changed against the backdrop of digitalisation. Using a conceptual approach, two crises in the context of supply chain management determinants were explored: the commodity price crisis (2014–2015) and the COVID-19 pandemic crisis (2020–2021). Three main determinants of management are considered: planning, tracking and reputation. The result of the initial conceptualisation is derived from reviews of case studies and pandemic resilience monitoring of the business environment and supply chain. A set of external and internal factors have been identified that each group of countries needs to develop in order to achieve sustainability in their local supply chains. The most important drivers of global supply chain resilience that need to be developed to offset the effects of major crises have been identified. The results of the study can be used for effective corporate governance practices and a better understanding of supply chain management culture in a digitalised and COVID-19 environment.

The article shows modern problems of financial accounting associated with formation of conceptual accounting provisions in the context of digitalisation of society and economy. An open system of financial accounting, consisting of interrelated and interdependent elements, functions in the new economic conditions. The accounting concept created by regulatory legal acts does not meet the requirements of practice and does not meet current users’ needs. There are prerequisites for changing the entire accounting system due to modern technologies (blockchain, artificial intelligence), which can completely change the traditional ideas about the formation of accounting and analytical information as well as main functions of accountant. The study of the current financial accounting concept and the formulation of directions for its development in the digital economy formation conditions based on the identification of conceptual problems of the modern accounting system characteristic is the purpose of the work. An analysis of the digital economy impact on the accounting system formation, a review of the main system elements that are undergoing the greatest transformation and the identification of problem areas that need to be addressed in the formation of the digital economy are the objectives of the study. The most relevant problem is the legal regulation of financial accounting, as well as issues of methodological nature related to the need for internal content, proposed by the authors of the accounting system in accordance with the changed digital economy information needs.

The article is devoted to the analysis of scientific approaches to the staff motivation and incentive systems in contemporary conditions. The dynamically developing world poses ever new challenges for mankind. They can be solved only with professionally formed human capital. Therefore, the author presents in the article an analysis of the existing types and forms of personnel motivation and incentive systems, and also highlights the factors of the modern world that dictate the introduction of new tools and methods for motivating employees of enterprises. Such factors are digitalisation processes that require the acquisition of new competencies in this area not only for specialists and management personnel, but also for workers involved in the production of tangible products and the provision of services. Another equally important factor is the crises (financial, political, pandemic, military actions, etc.), which have occurred several times over the past twenty years, and under these conditions, managers and business leaders are forced to change approaches and make changes to existing employees’ motivation systems. The conducted research can be reflected in the development of systems for motivating and stimulating personnel in modern conditions.

The processes of creating legal acts must meet such criteria as transparency, controllability, compliance with regulations. However, currently the procedures are extremely bureaucratic, pre-planned and go through many instances during the preparation, approval and signing. Of course, most of these processes are necessary, time-tested and legally fixed. At the same time, there are operations that require optimisation, including due to their automation or robotisation. To identify them and ensure that the procedure meet the changing needs of the state, it is important to create conditions for continuous monitoring, timely identification and operational adaptation and optimisation of the rule-making activities of the authorities. In this regard, the issue of applying contemporary technologies and approaches to analysis and the formation of recommendations for improving proactive processes seems extremely relevant. The purpose of this study is to examine the currend specifics of the preparation of the legal acts by the federal executive authorities and to identify areas for this normative documents’ improvement based on the process mining. The research methods used were a literature review and the Russian legal framework analysis, a questionnaire survey and process modelling. The authors analyse how draft legal documents (government and presidential acts, federal laws) are developed in the Russian Federation. They demonstrate the need for a transition to smart management. Its principles will ensure efficiency and flexibility in the preparation of normative legal acts. The metrics for monitoring and controlling the execution of the relevant instructions are formulated and the prospects for the development of their information support as a result of the implementation of process mining technologies are highlighted.

The article considers the actual reflection of the transhumanistic concept in various fields of scientific knowledge. This concept has recently aroused genuine interest both because of its direction and because of its own contradictions. The discussion that has unfolded around this concept allows to evaluate all the pros and cons of the implementation of the transhumanist idea, which requires improving the physical condition of a person through the use of the most advanced technologies, among which biotechnology occupies an important place. Their use generates contextual social, economic and political problems. In this regard, it is necessary to investigate the process of emergence and development of transhumanistic risks, as well as the possibility of managing them on the basis of both traditional and original tools, taking into account the specifics of the transhumanistic approach. In the article, the authors present a study of the formation of transhumanistic risks associated with the creation and use of artificial intelligence, as well as the possibility of risk management in the transhumanistic space. The threat is increasing due to the growing globalization, interconnectedness and the speed of change in the world. These trends are generally useful, but present new challenges, including new types of transhumanistic risks associated with the use of artificial intelligence. It is more difficult to predict them than any other known risks. Conceptual options for assessing the situation developing in the transhumanistic space together represent a new vector transhumanistic risk management theory and practice development.

The article examines the socio-economic relationship between Tajikistan and Russia, the new European Union and USA sanctions against Russia and their impact on the economy and well-being of Tajikistan, and the role of Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) in Russian and Tajik banks, including the disconnection of SWIFT from Russian banks and its impact on remittances of migrant workers in Tajikistan. Attention is paid to Tajikistan’s crisis management policy. After gaining independence, Tajikistan’s economy suffered greatly from the civil war in the republic. Russia is one of the main donors to Tajikistan’s economy. There are countries that are more connected to Russia than Tajikistan, but it is difficult to find a country that could compete with Tajikistan in terms of dependence on Russia. Almost all sectors of Tajikistan’s economy depend on Russia: Tajikistan is a donor country for migrant workers, and remittances from migrant workers play an important role in Tajikistan’s economy. Only, at the expense of money transfers of Tajik labor migrants, the banking sector of Tajikistan is supported. Over the years of independence, Tajikistan has not taken its economy out of the influence of Russia. The dependence of the Tajik economy on Russia manifested itself in the very first days of the conflict actions on the territory of Ukraine in February 2022. After the statement of Western countries on the introduction of new sanctions to restrict the access of some Russian banks to the SWIFT, the problems of the financial intermediation market of Tajikistan were exposed. An unprecedented package of sanctions by Western countries due to the situation with Ukraine has already led to a number of problems inside Tajikistan. European Union and USA sanctions against Russia have also had a strong impact on all sectors of Tajikistan’s economy, from food prices to the banking sector. The aim of the article is to assess the role of the new European Union and USA sanctions against Russia in connection with the conflict in Ukraine and their impact on the economy and welfare of Tajikistan.

The current global market for armaments and military equipment in the second half of the 20th century has went through several transformative stages of its development and has now reached a qualitatively new evolution level. The aim of the study is to analyse the key trends in changing Russia’s positions in the global arms trade, including an assessment of its export and investment potential in defence industry, and opportunities for cooperation with key regional and global partners. It has been shown, that the international competitiveness of the Russian defence industry and the development of its military-technical cooperation with foreign countries continue to be affected by the specific conditions of the industry, in particular: weak susceptibility to major changes in the arms trade; high role of state protectionism; international technology transfer; globalisation of the world economy as a whole. An important role in shaping the current image of the military-technical cooperation is played by the dynamic and constant rearmament of the army, offset services and the partnerships cooperative networks’ formation, on which the flexibility and adaptability of the external economic component of defence industry operations depend. At present, the development of Russia’s armaments and military equipment trade will be mainly driven by the restoration of its lost positions on the global market.