Russian national model of public policy: structure and special features

The subject of the study is the current model of formation and implementation of public policy in Russia. The purpose of this article is to analyze and develop a detailed description of the main distinguishing features of this model and to identify the factors that caused them. At the same time the author focuses on the political and cultural factor as the fundamental basis of the national model of public policy in any country. Among other components of the national model of public policy the institutional center for the adoption of political decisions, the features of the system of representation of interests, and the technology for making political decisions are singled out. Primary data were obtained as a result of an in-depth expert questionnaire as well as a focus-group interview.The article gives a detailed description of the Russian political culture, especially the perception by citizens of the main institutions of the political system (the state and its key institutions, political parties, socio-political organizations, etc.). At the same time, the author relies both on the results of previous studies in this area and on the latest data from Russian Public Opinion Research Center. The analysis of the peculiarities of citizens’ perception of the main political institutions made it possible to draw a conclusion about their direct connection with the specifics of the domestic system of political representation.The main theoretical result of the research is to substantiate the author’s approach to public policy research. It is proved that the public policy should be interpreted as the result of interaction of the state, civil society institutions, scientific, expert and business community with the decisive role of the former. No less important research result is the substantiation of the author’s understanding of the national model of public policy, its structure and features of manifestation in modern Russia. The practical significance of the results is due to the possibility of their use in the development of concepts, strategies and doctrines of public policy in various fields, as well as policy documents of political parties and other socio-political organizations.

state, civil society, public policy, public administration

1. Gerasimov A. V., Jigaeva K. V. Gosudarstvennaya vlast’ i grajdanskoe obshestvo v sovremennoy Rossii: problemy vzaimodeistvija [State and Civil society in modern Russia: problems of interaction] Moscow, MGGEU, 2014.

2. Znamenskiy D. Y., Mikhalina O. A. Uchastie politicheskih institutov v processe formirovania gosudarstvennoj nauchnotehnicheskoj politiki Rossijskoj Federacii [Participation of political institutes in process of elaboration of public scientific and technical policy in Russian Federation] // Vestnik Universiteta (Gosudarstvennij universitet upravlenija) [Bulletin of the University (State University of Management], 2013, I. 8, pp. 191-195.

3. Znamenskiy D. Y. Politicheskie instituti v processe formirovania gosudarstvennoj nauchno-tehnicheskoj politiki [Political institutes in process of elaboration of public scientific and technical policy] Moscow, GUU, 2015. 138 p.

4. Znamenskiy D. Y. Teoretiko-metodologicheskie osnovi issledovaniz gosudarstvennoj politiki [Theoretical and methodological bases of public policy research] // Sociodinamika [Sociodynamics]. 2016. I. 3. pp. 86-97.

5. Kerre M.S. Social’nie seti: bol’she, chem. sredstvo kommunikacii [Social neyworks: more than way of communication] // Shag v budushee: iskusstvennij intellekt i cifrovaja ekonomika: materiali I Mezjdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii [Step to future: e-intellect and digital economy: materialsof 1’st International Conference]. Moscow, GUU, 2017, Vol. 1. pp. 117-122.

6. Levashov V. K., Afanasyev V. A., Novozjenina O. P., Shushpanova I. S. Sovremennoe sostoyanie grazgdanskogo obshestva v Rossii. XL etap sociologicheskogo monitoringa, Ijun’ 2014 [Modern situation of civil society in Russia. XL stage of sociological monitoring, June 2014]. Moscow, ISPI RAN, 2014.

7. Loparev A. V. Nacional’nie osobennosti vzaimootnoshenia gosudarstva i grazjdanskogo obshestva v Rossii (istorikopoliticheskij aspect) [National specific of relations between state and civil society in Russia (historical and political aspects)] // Vlast’ [Authotrity]. - 2009. I. 6. pp. 128-132.

8. Omel’chenko N.A. O poniatii «gosudarstvennost’», tradicionnih osnovah, usloviah I faktorah formirovania rossijskoj gosudarstvennosti [About the concept of «stateship», traditional bases, conditions and factors of Russian stateship] Vestnik Universiteta (Gosudarstvennij universitet upravlenija) [Vestnik of the University (State University of Management]. – 2013. I. 20. pp. 55-61.

9. Peregudov S. P. Politicheskaja sistema Rossii v mirovom kontekste: institute i mehanizmi vzaimodejstvija [Russian political system in global context: institutes and mechanisms of interaction] Moscow, ROSSPEN, 2011.

10. Publichaja politika v Rossii: Po itogam proekta «Universitet Kalgari – Gorbachev fond» [Public policy in Russia: by results of the project «University of Calgary – Gorbachev Found»]. Moscow. Alpina Business Books press. 2005. – 358 p.

11. Putin 3.0: obshestvo i vlast’ v novejshej istorii Rossii [Putin 3.0: society and authority in Russian modern history] ed. by E.B. Shestipal. Moscow, ARGAMAK-Media, 2015.

12. Sokolov V. V., Malik E. N. Gosudarstvennaja i publichnaja politika [State and public policy]. Orel, RANEPA-Press, 2016.

13. Sungurov A. Y. Kak voznikaut politicheskie innovacii: «fabriki misl» i drugie instituti-mediatori [How political innovations appear: «think-tanks» and other institutesmediators] Moscow, Politicheskaja encyclopedia, 2015.

14. Sungurov A. Y. Rol’ i funkcii ekspertov v processe prinyatia vlastnih reshenij [Part and functions of experts in the process of political decisions acceptation] // Upravlencheskoe konsultirovanie [Management consulting], 2017, I. 6, pp. 8-15.

15. Vserossijskij centr issledovanija obshestvennogo mnenija [Russian center of research ob public opinion]: https://wciom.ru/ Date: 09.02.2018.

16. Easton D. Categories for the Systems Analysis of Politics // Varieties of Political Theory / ed. by D. Easton. PrenticeHall. Englewood Cliffs, N.J, 1966. 468 p.