Federal budget: problems of formation

The federal budget occupies a central place in the system of public finances, economy of the country. Its significance and role are determined by the tasks that it performs: redistribution of the gross domestic product, government regulation of the country’s economy, financing of the budgetary sphere and social policy pursued by the state, control over the formation and expenditure of budget funds. The subject of the study is the federal budget. The purpose of the article is to consider the features of the federal budget formation, in particular at the expense of tax revenues in the context of negative impact of internal and external factors caused by Western economic sanctions against the country’s economy and oil and gas sector, falling demand and prices for energy, fluctuations in the national currency, inflationary processes. The study uses methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, grouping, generalisation, tabular one and others. It is based on official data from the Federal State Statistics Service, Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as RF), reporting data of the Federal Tax Service of the RF on federal taxes. The study has established the presence of problems in the federal budget, such as reduction in sources of budget revenues and in income from foreign economic activity, decrease in the tax base, increase in the tax burden on businesses, including small ones, during the implementation of the tax reform of 2025, budget deficit, etc.

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