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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">manguu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Управление</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>UPRAVLENIE / MANAGEMENT (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2309-3633</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-1645</issn><publisher><publisher-name>State University of Management</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26425/2309-3633-2024-12-4-109-118</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">manguu-758</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ ДИСКУРС</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POLITICAL DISCOURSE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>О  самоценности демократии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On  the intrinsic value of  democracy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5481-7425</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шавеко</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaveko</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шавеко Николай Александрович, канд. юрид. наук, ст. науч. сотр.</p><p>620108, Софьи Ковалевской ул., 16, г. Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai A. Shaveko, Cand. Sci. (Jur.), Senior Researcher</p><p>16, Sofya Kovalevskaya ul., Yekaterinburg 620108</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shavekonikolai@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт философии и права Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>109</fpage><lpage>118</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шавеко Н.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шавеко Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shaveko N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://upravlenie.guu.ru/jour/article/view/758">https://upravlenie.guu.ru/jour/article/view/758</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы – рассмотреть наиболее распространенные аргументы, приводимые в поддержку демократии как процедуры принятия общих решений, справедливой самой по себе, а не с точки зрения достигаемого этой процедурой результата. Применяются типичные для такого рода исследования методы критического, формально-логического, нормативного анализа. Поскольку самоценность демократической процедуры обосновывается обычно со ссылкой на три базовых принципа, – народное самоуправление, политическое равенство и принцип большинства – задачей исследования является рассмотрение каждого из них. Показывается, что идеал самоуправления не абсолютен даже на индивидуальном уровне; если же говорить о самоуправлении целого народа, то приходится констатировать, что понятия воли народа, коллективной воли или общей воли являются фикцией, не имеющей реального смысла без соотнесения с конкретной процедурой голосования. Демонстрируется, что политическое равенство также не является абсолютной ценностью, и часто кажущиеся привычными и оправданными политические институты прямо исходят из нарушения принципа политического равенства. В итоге делается вывод, что самоценность демократии налицо лишь тогда, когда мы принимаем сразу два идеала – индивидуальное самоуправление и политическое равенство – и одновременно отрицаем существование и познаваемость содержательного идеала справедливости. Наконец, исследуется принцип принятия решений абсолютным большинством голосов как принцип, лежащий в основе многих нормативных обоснований демократии. Анализ аргументов, приводимых в поддержку правила большинства, выявляет не только зависимость этих аргументов от конкретных обстоятельств, но и то, что почти все они отсылают к содержательным, а не процедурным критериям. Иными словами, принцип большинства – равно как и другие процедуры принятия коллективных решений – ценится, скорее, по результатам, к которым он приводит, чем сам по себе.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article aims to consider the most common arguments in support of democracy as a procedure for making general decisions that is fair in itself, and not in terms of the result achieved. The methods of critical, logical, and normative analysis typical for this kind of research are used. Since the intrinsic value of the democratic procedure is usually justified with reference to three basic principles, people’s self-government, political equality and majority rule, the three tasks of the article are to consider each of them. It is shown that the ideal of self-government is not absolute even at the individual level; if we talk about the self-government of an entire people, then we have to state that the concepts of the will of the people, collective will or common will are fiction that has no real meaning without reference to a specific voting procedure. It is demonstrated that the political equality is also not an absolute value, and often seemingly habitual and justified political institutions directly proceed from a violation of the principle of the political equality. As a result, it is concluded that the intrinsic value of the democracy is evident only when we accept two ideals at once – individual self-government and political equality – and at the same time deny the existence and knowability of the substantive ideal of justice. Finally, the principle of decision-making by an absolute majority of votes is investigated as the principle underlying many normative justifications of the democracy. An analysis of the arguments given in support of the majority rule reveals not only the dependence of these arguments on specific circumstances, but also that almost all of them refer to substantive rather than procedural criteria. In other words, the majority principle – as well as other collective decision-making procedures – is valued more by the results it leads to than by itself.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>демократия</kwd><kwd>политическое равенство</kwd><kwd>самоуправление</kwd><kwd>правило большинства</kwd><kwd>воля народа</kwd><kwd>общая воля</kwd><kwd>справедливость</kwd><kwd>критерий Кондорсе</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>democracy</kwd><kwd>political equality</kwd><kwd>self-government</kwd><kwd>majority rule</kwd><kwd>will of the people</kwd><kwd>common will</kwd><kwd>justice</kwd><kwd>Condorcet creterion</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Грин Д., Шапиро И. Объяснение политики с позиций теории рационального выбора: почему так мало удалось узнать? Полис. 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