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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">manguu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Управление</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>UPRAVLENIE / MANAGEMENT (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2309-3633</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-1645</issn><publisher><publisher-name>State University of Management</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26425/2309-3633-2022-10-2-88-94</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">manguu-511</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ ДИСКУРС</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POLITICAL DISCOURSE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Беженство как новый канал эмиграции из Таджикистана в страны Западной и Восточной Европы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Refugees as a new emigration channel from Tajikistan to Western and Eastern Europe</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9924-5857</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рахмонов</surname><given-names>А. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakhmonov</surname><given-names>A. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рахмонов Абубакр Хасанович, анд. экон. наук, ст. науч. сотр.</p><p>119333, ул. Фотиевой, 6к1, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Abubakr Kh. Rakhmonov, Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Senior Researcher</p><p>6k1, Fotievoi str., Moscow 119333</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abubak.93@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт демографических исследований ФНИСЦ РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Demographic Research FCTAS RAS<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>88</fpage><lpage>94</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рахмонов А.Х., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рахмонов А.Х.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rakhmonov A.K.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://upravlenie.guu.ru/jour/article/view/511">https://upravlenie.guu.ru/jour/article/view/511</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассмотрена ситуация с беженством в период гражданской войны в Таджикистане после распада СССР, факторы и масштабы вынужденной эмиграции, а также характеристики лиц из Таджикистана, ищущих убежища. Исследованы масштабы и перспективы развития потока беженцев и лиц из Таджикистана, ищущих убежища, в страны Западной и Восточной Европы. Каждый год огромное количество людей покидает свои дома из-за вооруженных конфликтов, войн, нищеты и преследований по различным основаниям. Одной из причин притока беженцев из Таджикистана в другие страны является гражданская война в республике. После распада СССР, в Таджикистане началась борьба за власть между националистами и исламистами, которая привела к гражданской войне. Таким образом, возникновение потока беженцев из Таджикистана в другие страны связано с гражданской войной в республике. Другая причина – это запрет таджикскими властями двух крупных оппозиционных организаций – «Группа 24» и «Партия исламского возрождения Таджикистана» (ПИВТ). Среди таджикских политических беженцев, которые получили убежище в европейских странах, есть и бывшие трудовые мигранты, которые работали в России. Депортации, снижение заработков в результате валютного кризиса 2015 г., а также ужесточение миграционной политики России в отношении мигрантов из Таджикистана вынудили часть мигрантов переориентироваться на другие страны, в первую очередь, европейские, США и Канаду. Известны случаи умышленного уничтожения своих паспортов таджикскими мигрантами при переезде в Германию с последующим обращением к властям под видом беженцев из Афганистана (поскольку и таджики, и афганцы говорят на фарси (дари)) для получения статуса беженца и соответствующих льгот в Германии. Среди лиц, ищущих убежища из Таджикистана в европейских странах, политическое убежище является наиболее популярным. Цель статьи – выявление тенденций и перспектив развития такого нового канала эмиграции из Таджикистана в страны Западной и Восточной Европы, как убежище.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines the situation with refugees during the civil war in Tajikistan after the collapse of the USSR. The factors and scale of refugees and features of asylum seekers from Tajikistan are considered. The scale and prospects for the development of the flow of refugees and asylum seekers from Tajikistan to Western and Eastern Europe are investigated. Every year, a huge number of people leave their homes due to armed conflicts, wars, poverty, and persecution on various grounds. One of the reasons for the refugees influx from Tajikistan to other countries is the civil war in the republic. After the collapse of the USSR, a power struggle between nationalists and Islamists began in Tajikistan that led to a civil war. The emergence of the refugees flow from Tajikistan to other countries is related with the civil war in the republic. Another reason is the ban by the Tajik authorities of two major opposition organisations – the Group of 24 and the Islamic Renaissance Party of Tajikistan (IRPT). Among the Tajik political refugees who received asylum in European countries, there are also former migrant workers who worked in Russia. Deportations, decline in earnings after the 2015 currency crisis, and tightening of Russia’s migration policy towards migrants from Tajikistan forced some migrants to reorient themselves in other countries, primarily in European countries, the United States and Canada. There are cases of deliberate destruction of their passports by Tajik migrants when moving to Germany, followed by an appeal to the authorities under the guise of refugees from Afghanistan (since both Tajiks and Afghans speak Farsi (Dari)) to obtain refugee status and corresponding benefits in Germany. Among asylum seekers from Tajikistan in European countries, political asylum is the most popular. The purpose of the article is to identify trends and prospects for the development of asylum as a new emigration channel from Tajikistan to the countries of Western and Eastern Europe.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>убежище</kwd><kwd>политические беженцы</kwd><kwd>миграция</kwd><kwd>трудовые эмигранты</kwd><kwd>Таджикистан</kwd><kwd>Западная и Восточная Европа</kwd><kwd>европейские страны</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>ООН</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>refuge</kwd><kwd>Tajikistan</kwd><kwd>Western and Eastern European countries</kwd><kwd>political refugees</kwd><kwd>migration</kwd><kwd>labor emigrants</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>UN</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Статья подготовлена в рамках Программы фундаментальных и прикладных научных исследований «Этнокультурное многообразие российского общества и укрепление общероссийской идентичности» (поручение Президента Российской Федерации № ПР-71 от 16.01.2020 г.).</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The article was prepared within the framework of the Programme of Fundamental and applied scientific research «Ethno-cultural diversity of Russian society and strengthening of the all-Russian identity» (instruction of the President of the Russian Federation № PR-71 dated 16.01.2020).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bhatia R. and Wallace P. 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