manguuУправлениеUPRAVLENIE / MANAGEMENT (Russia)2309-36332713-1645State University of Management10.26425/2309-3633-2021-9-1-40-48manguu-384Research ArticleУПРАВЛЕНИЕ В СФЕРЕ ЭКОНОМИКИ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫMANAGEMENT IN ECONOMY: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTSПуть к устойчивости пенсионной системы в историческом контекстеThe path forward for sustainability of the pension system in a historical contexthttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2417-1678МертлЯ.MertlJ.

Мертл Ян, д-р экон. наук, инж.

ул. Эстонская 500, Прага 10, 101000

Jan Mertl, Ph.D., Ing.

Estonská 500, 101 00 Prague 10

jan.mertl@outlook.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2792-2481ВаленчикР.ValenčíkR.

Валенчик Радим, канд. экон. наук, доц.

ул. Эстонская 500, Прага 10, 101000

Radim Valenčík, Cand. Sci. (Econ.), doc.

Estonská 500, 101 00 Prague 10

valencik@seznam.czУниверситет финансов и управленияЧехияUniversity of Finance and AdministrationCzech Republic202106042021914048Copyright © Мертл Я., Валенчик Р., 20212021Мертл Я., Валенчик Р.Mertl J., Valenčík R.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://upravlenie.guu.ru/jour/article/view/384

Долгосрочная устойчивость и стабильность системы пенсионного страхования может быть обеспечена на основе системы оплаты труда, в частности в виде условно-определенных взносов (Notional Defined Contributions – NDC), который может сочетать основной вид солидарности (между теми, кто может и хочет быть прибыльно активным, и теми, для кого наступил страховой случай) с солидарностью доходов. Таким образом, при реформировании пенсионной системы появляется возможность начать постепенные изменения посредством полной реформы пенсионной системы и, следовательно, значительного мотивирования продления периода продуктивности (отсрочки выхода на пенсию) через модернизацию этой системы для лиц, достигших установленного законом пенсионного возраста.

Целью работы является обоснование и исследование возможных изменений в указанном направлении, которые не будут угрожать ничьим правам при реализации реформ (они принимают форму согласно принципу улучшения Парето), поскольку они получают свои средства вследствие увеличения времени индивидуальной производительности труда. С этой целью предлагается и моделируется возможность введения расширения сверх существующей системы платного страхования, в которое могли бы добровольно вступать лица, уже достигшие или близкие к установленному законом пенсионному возрасту. Расширение действовало бы по принципу, согласно которому уплаченные премии будут преобразованы в пожизненную ренту. Данная система была бы значительно мотивирующей, что для большинства людей означает продление полноценной жизни, связанное с возможностью сохранить полезные социальные контакты и постепенно ослабить свою доходную деятельность, не испытывая при этом нежелательного снижения дохода.

The long-term sustainability and stability of the pension insurance system can be provided on the basis of a pay-as-you-go system, specifically the NDC variant, which can combine the main type of solidarity (between those who can and want to be gainfully active and those for whom the insured event has occurred) with income solidarity. When reforming the pension system in this manner the opportunity arises to begin gradual changes through fully merit system reform and therefore significantly motivating of extending the period of productivity (putting off retirement) through the upgrade of this system for persons who have reached the retirement age as specified by law.

This paper aims to substantiate and explore possible changes in this direction that will not endanger anyone’s entitlements when the reforms are implemented (they have got the form of Pareto improvement), as they derive their funds by extending the time of individual productivity. To this end, the possibility of introducing an extension on top of current system of pay-as-you-go insurance, which could be entered voluntarily by persons who have already reached or are near statutory retirement age, is proposed, and modeled. The extension would operate on the principle that the paid premiums will be transformed into a lifetime annuity. The system would be significantly motivating which for most people means extending life at the fullest, associated with the option to retain beneficial social contacts and gradually relax their gainful activity without experiencing an untoward decrease in income.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.